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Difference between nitrous oxide and nitric oxide

Physical properties of Nitric Oxide and Nitrous Oxide

Nitrous Oxide (N2O):

  - Also known as laughing gas, it is a colorless and odorless gas with a blue liquid form.

  - The melting point is -163.6°C, and the boiling point is -151.8°C.

  - It has a very low solubility in water but is much more soluble in nitric acid solutions, with solubility increasing as the concentration of nitric acid increases.

  - It is soluble in sulfuric acid, ethanol, ferrous sulfate, and carbon disulfide.

  - The gas density under standard conditions is 1.3402 kg/m³, and the liquid density is 11,300 kg/m³ (at -151.75°C and 101.325 kPa).

  - It has a single electron paramagnetic free radical, low reactivity, and is relatively stable at room temperature.

  - It forms dinitrogen trioxide when encountering nitrogen dioxide and easily combines with oxygen to form brown nitrogen dioxide.

Nitric Oxide (NO):

  - A colorless gas with an irritating odor.

  - It readily reacts with oxygen in the air to form NO2.

  - It mainly exists in the form of NO, accounting for about 95% of the NOx initially emitted under high-temperature combustion conditions.

  - It can bind with hemoglobin to cause methemoglobinemia.

 

Applications of nitrous oxide and nitric oxide

Nitrous Oxide (N2O):

1.Medical Anesthesia: Used as an anesthetic agent in surgical and dental procedures.

2.Oxidizer: Employed in automotive and rocket technologies to improve combustion efficiency.

3.Food Industry: Acts as a foaming and sealing agent in food processing.
Fruit and Vegetable Preservation: Extends the storage life of fruits and vegetables.

4.Aerospace: Used as an oxidizer in rockets and as a coolant in spacecraft.
Automotive Acceleration Systems: Enhances the acceleration performance of vehicles.

   

Nitric Oxide (NO):

1.Cardiovascular Health: Functions as a vasodilator in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

2.Immune System: Produced in the body to combat invading microorganisms and tumor cells.

3.Medical Treatment: Used as an inhaled agent for treating pulmonary hypertension and other cardiopulmonary diseases.

4.Nervous System: Serves as a neurotransmitter involved in pain transmission and sensory signaling.

5.Synthetic Chemistry: Utilized as an oxidizing agent in chemical reactions.
Space Technology: Acts as an oxidizer in nuclear energy and rocket fuels.

Reference

  1.  Thompson, R. L., Lassaletta, L., Patra, P. K. (2019). "Acceleration of global N2O emissions seen from two decades of atmospheric inversion". Nat. Clim. Change. 9 (12): 993–998. Bibcode:2019NatCC...9..993T. doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0613-7. hdl:11250/2646484. S2CID 208302708.
  2. ^ "Reduce nitrous oxide emissions". Ag Matters. 13 December 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2024.
  3. ^ "Chapter 8". AR5 Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. pp. 677–678.



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